مجله علوم پزشکی صدرا
سال دهم شماره 2 (بهار 1401)

Serum microRNAs are associated with numerous metabolic diseases, including obesity, hyperlipidemia, and type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to identify the miR146b changes following different exercise training interventions in adolescents with overweight and obesity.

In this quasi-experimental study, 30 obese and overweight male adolescents aged 13-15 years were selected through the convenience sampling method based on body mass index (BMI) and assigned to two high-intensity interval training (HIIT) (Mean BMI: 26.15±2.25 kg/m2) and  school-based (SBE) (Mean BMI: 26.02±2.26 kg/m2) groups. Exercises in each group were performed for 12 weeks/ three weekly sessions after 10-15 minutes of initial warm-up. Moreover, at the end of each training session, 5-10 minutes were considered for cooling down. The circulating miR146b was extracted using a Real-Time PCR system. The subjects’ lipid profile was  measured by enzymatic methods, using certified commercial kits.

The expression of miR146b in both training groups, HIIT and SBE, dropped around 46.88% vs. 62.05%, respectively, but there was no significant difference between groups (p=0.836). Lipid profile levels also improved in both HIIT and SBE groups, but there were no significant differences in the Cholesterol (p=0.677), Triglyceride (p=0.977), LDL (p=0.247), and HDL levels between the two groups (p=0.977).

The results showed that both school-based and high-intensity interval training can be used to modify lipid Profile and miR146b levels as an indicator of the pathological status of obesity in children and reduce the risk of disease in adulthood.

Current guidelines recommend using high-sensitivity troponin (hs-cTnl) assays to manage patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) symptoms. Despite this, bedside testing (POC) is commonly used in the emergency room, as it reduces the patient's response time and hospital stay. This study seeks to compare the results of the RAMP- cTnI test with the results of laboratory troponin (hs-cTnl) as the gold standard.

The present study was performed on 148 patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome referred to Shiraz Namazi Hospital between March and July 2021. Blood samples were taken immediately from patients referred to the emergency department for POC and high-sensitivity troponin test (as gold standard). Enzyme-Linked Fluorescent Assay (ELFA) was used to evaluate troponin (cTnl). The POC test was performed using a RAMP device, which allows the rapid measurement of cTnl in the patient's bedside within 10 minutes using a whole blood sample.

Of the 148 patients, 35 were hs-cTnI positive. Sensitivity, specificity, the positive and negative predictive values of RAMP- cTnI compared to high sensitivity test with 95% confidence interval were 91.42 (93.63-85.84), 94.69% (97.95%-87.55), 84.21% (93.56-77.82) and 97.27% (99.56-87.82), respectively.

The study showed that the quantitatively new RAMP- cTnI method was statistically acceptable with hs - cTnI regarding the accuracy of acute myocardial infarction. RAMP- cTnI was found to be suitable for detecting acute myocardial infarction in the emergency department.

Migraine is a neurologic problem characterized by severe headache and nausea. This study aimed to compare the level of depression and disability between treated and untreated migraineurs.

The present study was designed as a cross-sectional study conducted on patients with migraine headaches who were referred to the outpatient clinic of Emam Reza and selected through purposive sampling to participate in the study for three months from April to July in 2017. The eligible patients referred to our clinic were divided into two study groups. One group included the migraineurs who received the standard treatment for migraine for at least one month, whereas the migraineurs in the second group didn’t receive standard treatment while they received analgesic agents as pain killers. After an inclusive examination by a neurologist, the participants were asked to fill out the valid and reliable Persian versions of BDI and MIDAS to assess the level of depression and disability.

Overall, the authors had a total of 283 patients with migraine headaches. We found that the MIDAS score in the treated group was significantly lower than the untreated group (7.1±3.2, 14.3±10.9, respectively, P=0.001). In addition, the mean BDI score in the treated group was 9.6±4.6, whereas it was 14.3±10.9 in the untreated group (P=0.004).

is the study showed that subjects with untreated migraine are more likely to report depression and anxiety than patients with treated migraine.

Patients with chronic renal failure face many challenges. They try to use spiritual approaches to deal with these challenges. This study aimed to explore spirituality in the lives of Muslim patients with renal failure.

This was a qualitative study on patients with chronic renal failure. Samples were selected through Purposive sampling and semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using a content analysis approach.

The findings of this study showed that patients with chronic renal failure had supernatural beliefs, enjoyed spiritual support, and were connected to transcendental powers. They connected with God, reciting and listening to the Qur'an, reading prayers, and visiting the shrines. Patients also relied on God and dedicated themselves to God.

The results of this study indicated that patients with chronic renal failure had supernatural beliefs and were connected with the transcendent powers.

In this paper, Prioritizing the effective criteria for hospital design with a passive defense approach will enable hospitals, as one of the most important centers for providing services to the injured, to perform their duties as correctly as possible in crisis and danger times.

the present study is mixed-method research that is based on two approaches, qualitative and quantitative. First, the authors reviewed past research and interviewed experts in the field to identify and determine the effective criteria for hospital design with a passive defense approach. Then, they prepared the Delphi questionnaire to confirm and validate the identified criteria. Next, they used paired comparison questionnaire to categorize and classify the criteria. Finally, the hierarchical analysis method and Excle software were used to analyze data.

at this stage, all identified criteria were approved, and none were deleted. These criteria, based on their priority, are plan, façade, escalators (emergency exit), structure, location, form, facilities and equipment, general and functional, and access.  Based on the results, plan criterion was the first criterion with a weight of 0.152t.

Based on architecture experts' and pundits' opinions, an earthquakeresistant structure has a simple plan, while it is symmetrical and without elongation at the surface (plan) and height (facade and cross sections). Such a structure has a uniform and continuous resistance distribution and is more resistant to earthquakes. The simpler plan of building, gives engineers more power to understand the seismic behavior of the structure and find more information about the dynamic (kinetic) behavior of its connections.

The concentration of physicians in urban areas and the lack of specialist physicians in deprived ‎areas is a global challenge. It is necessary to adopt specific, scientific and evidence-based policies ‎to increase the health sector’s resources and reduce inequality in the distribution and allocation of ‎these resources in different regions of the‏ ‏country. The Ministry of Health and Medical ‎Education, as the most important custodian of planning and policy-making for distribution of ‎specialized manpower in Iran, has designed policies.

This study aimed to analyze the incentive ‎policies for the retaining physicians in deprived areas of the country. This study has a qualitative ‎‎– retrospective design to analyze the most effective policies using the Walt and Gilson policy ‎model. Various methods were used to analyze the policies, including reviewing texts and ‎documents.

Findings of the study were classified based on the policy context, policy content, ‎policy-making process and role makers in the four law (policies or plan) of service of physicians ‎and paramedics, family physician plan, health transformation plan, and instructions on how to ‎distribute the Specialized medical graduates. Five legal, political-economic, socio-cultural, ‎international and structural factors were identified as policy making factors‏. ‏‎ In addition, ‎attention to upstream documents and the use of evidence in policy-making were identified as ‎strong points, and stakeholder ignorance and a top-down approach to planning were identified as ‎common weak points of policies.

Considering the priority of needs, provision of resources and ‎requirements, constructive interaction of planners, and continuous evaluation of programs are ‎required to formulate and implement policies and interventions.

Nowadays, medical implants are widely used around the world. Medical implant device safety is closely related to public health and national security. With all the governmental considerations, issues such as selling or distributing an unapproved, defective, or expired implant and record fraud are still widespread in medical device supply chains. Blockchain, the next generation of information technology, is designed to provide better trust and transparency in information management systems.  This paper presents the development of a “Medical Implant blockchain” system based on blockchain technology. This system can provide good traceability and transparency throughout the value chains of implants in a national supply chain. This study provides evidence for the necessity of a blockchain system development for the medical implants supply chain to increase trust and equity between various stakeholders. It shows that legal organizations can create a safe and reliable trading environment by using an information management system based on blockchain technology. Implementing a blockchain medical implants management system enables verified information transmission and immutably data storage on the network. This system could provide valuable information with higher transparency by minimizing the risk of data corruption for all the beneficiaries, such as legal authorities, medical centers, specialists, and patients.

One of the essential topics in the history of science is to investigate the position and capabilities of Muslim scientists in scientific innovations because paying attention to this issue will moderate the common extremist ideas and propaganda toward Muslims. The current study is a review study with a descriptive-analytical design. In this research, the authors investigated how Andalusian Muslim scholars invented medications and their role in promoting the pharmaceutical science has been discussed by examining the books and articles related to the history of Islamic medicine. Among the important issues in recognizing the Muslims’ scientific heritage, especially the history of pharmaceutical science, is the research and testing methods. In this way, important results can be achieved, including a) Introducing the progress of eastern experimental sciences and Islamic civilization, b) The complementary role of science and religion in the islamic rulers’ thoughts and beliefs. In this article, some of the most famous Andalusian pharmacists have been introduced, including Ibn Juljul, Abou Salt Andaloussi, Ahmad Ibn Mohammad Al-Ghafiqi, and Ibn Abi Usaybi'a. The East and Islamic civilization introduced pharmaceutical science to the West. In general, the positive and constructive effect of Islamic culture and civilization on the development of pharmaceuticals and medicine is an undeniable historical fact.